Wicca is a contemporary Pagan religion that originated in England. Two of the most significant Wiccan traditions are Gardnerian and Alexandrian, both of which were founded by British Witches in the mid-20th century. These traditions share many similarities, but also have distinct differences in their beliefs and practices.

Gardnerian Wicca was founded by Gerald Gardner in the 1950s, and is considered the oldest and most classic tradition of Witchcraft. Gardnerian Witches practice a form of duotheism, which recognizes the Horned God and Moon Goddess as Divine Beings. They use a book of shadows, a collection of rituals, spells, and other writings passed down from their initiators. Gardnerian covens are highly structured, and the High Priest and High Priestess lead the coven in ceremonies and rituals.

Alexandrian Wicca, which was founded by Alex and Maxine Sanders in the 1960s, is a more eclectic and flexible tradition of Witchcraft. Alexandrian Witches have a similar belief system to Gardnerians, but they incorporate more ceremonial magic into their practices. The role of the High Priestess is emphasized in both traditions but Alexandrians typically give their High Priest more authority.

Both traditions tend to be more open to the inclusion of LGBTQ+ individuals and other marginalized groups. Yet, as with everything there are more conservative groups out there who are not necessarily inclusive to LGBTQ+ individuals or other marginalized groups. It’s always good to ask those questions before getting involved.

Doreen Valiente was an influential figure in both Gardnerian and Alexandrian Wicca. She was a poet, author, and researcher who worked with Gerald Gardner in the early days of Gardnerian Wicca. She was instrumental in crafting the rituals and spells found in the Gardnerian Book of Shadows, and her writings continue to be a significant influence on modern Wiccan practices. Valiente eventually left Gardnerian Wicca and became a High Priestess in her own coven. She also collaborated with Alex Sanders, Janet and Stewart Farrar in the development of Alexandrian Wicca and popular publications.

Maxine Sanders and Patricia Crowther are also influential figures in the British Traditional Wiccan community. Maxine Sanders was the wife of Alex Sanders and became a High Priestess in the Alexandrian tradition. She is known for her work in the tradition she helped develop and the significant influence she had through media coverage that Alex attracted. Patricia Crowther is a well-known Wiccan author and High Priestess in the Gardnerian tradition. Her books on traditional practices have been influential in the development of modern Wiccan practices. Currently she is the only surviving High Priestess who worked directly with Gerald Gardner and is 95 years old living in the United Kingdom. Her influence is monumental and her work unmatched.

Thorn Mooney is a contemporary Wiccan author and practitioner living in the United States of America, who has gained popularity in recent years. She has written books on Wiccan practices and has been vocal about her experiences as a Wiccan High Priestess in modern society. Her work has focused on bridging the gap between traditional Wiccan practices and modern life, making Wicca accessible to a wider audience.

Her book “Traditional Wicca: A Seekers Guide” is an excellent resource for anyone interested in Gardnerian or Alexandrian Witchcraft. She is a fine example of how these traditions survive and thrive through dedication.

In conclusion, Gardnerian and Alexandrian Witchcraft are two of the most significant Wiccan traditions, each with its own unique beliefs and practices. Doreen Valiente played an influential role in the development of both traditions, and her work continues to shape modern Wiccan practices. Maxine Sanders, Patricia Crowther, and Thorn Mooney are also notable figures in the Pagan community, and their contributions have helped to shape the modern practice and culture of Wicca.